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Removal of phenol by powdered activated carbon adsorption

Yan MA, Naiyun GAO, Wenhai CHU, Cong LI

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第2期   页码 158-165 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0479-7

摘要： In this study, the adsorption performance of powdered activated carbon (PAC) on phenol was investigated in aqueous solutions. Batch adsorption studies were performed to evaluate the effects of various experimental parameters like PAC type, PAC dose, initial solution pH, temperature and pre-oxidation on the adsorption of phenol by PAC and establish the adsorption kinetics, thermodynamics and isothermal models. The results indicated that PAC adsorption is an effective method to remove phenol from water, and the effects of all the five factors on adsorption of phenol were significant. The adsorption rate of phenol by PAC was rapid, and more than 80% phenol could be absorbed by PAC within the initial 10 min. The adsorption process can be well described by pseudo-second-order adsorption kinetic model with rate constant amounted to 0.0313, 0.0305 and 0.0241 mg·μg ·min with coal, coconut shell and bamboo charcoal. The equilibrium data of phenol absorbed onto PAC were analyzed by Langmuir, Freundlich and Tempkin adsorption isotherms and Freundlich adsorption isotherm model gave the best correlation with the experimental data. Thermodynamic parameters such as the standard Gibbs free energy (? ), enthalpy (? ) and entropy (? ) obtained in this study indicated that the adsorption of phenol by PAC is spontaneous, exothermic and entropy decreasing.

关键词： phenol     powdered activated carbon     adsorption     kinetics     isotherms    

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Significant enhancement in catalytic ozonationefficacy: From granular to super-fine powdered activatedcarbon

Tianyi Chen, Wancong Gu, Gen Li, Qiuying Wang, Peng Liang, Xiaoyuan Zhang, Xia Huang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-018-1022-2

摘要： In this study, super-fine powdered activated carbon (SPAC) hasbeen proposed and investigated as a novel catalyst for the catalyticozonation of oxalate for the first time. SPAC was prepared from commercialgranular activated carbon (GAC) by ball milling. SPAC exhibited highexternal surface area with a far greater member of meso- and macropores(563% increase in volume). The catalytic performances of activatedcarbons (ACs) of 8 sizes were compared and the rate constant for pseudofirst-order total organic carbon removal increased from 0.012 min to 0.568 min (47-fold increase) withthe decrease in size of AC from 20 to 40 mesh (863 mm) to SPAC (~1.0 mm). Furthermore, the diffusion resistance of SPAC decreased17-fold compared with GAC. The ratio of oxalate degradation by surfacereaction increased by 57%. The rate of transformationof ozone to radicals by SPAC was 330 times that of GAC. The resultssuggest that a series of changes stimulated by ball milling, includinga larger ratio of external surface area, less diffusion resistance,significant surface reaction and potential oxidized surface all contributedto enhancing catalytic ozonation performance. This study demonstratedthat SPAC is a simple and effective catalyst for enhancing catalyticozonation efficacy.

关键词： Super-fine activated carbon     Catalytic ozonation     External surface area     Surface reaction     Hydroxyl radical    

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The influence of chlorinated aromatics' structure on their adsorption characteristics on activated carbon

Pengfei LIN,Yuan ZHANG,Xiaojian ZHANG,Chao CHEN,Yuefeng XIE,Irwin H SUFFET

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第1期   页码 138-146 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0725-2

摘要： This study focused on evaluating the efficiency of powdered activated carbon (PAC) adsorption process and tackling chlorobenzenes and chlorophenols spill in drinking water source. The adsorption kinetics and PAC’s capacities for five chlorobenzenes and three chlorophenols at drinking water contamination levels were studied in order to determine the influence of different functional groups on the adsorption behavior. The results showed that PAC adsorption could be used as an effective emergency drinking water treatment process to remove these compounds. The adsorption kinetics took 30 min to achieve nearly equilibrium and could be described by both pseudo first-order and pseudo second-order models. A mathematic relationship was developed between the pseudo first-order adsorption rate constant, k , and the solutes’ properties including lg , polarizability and molecular weight. The Freundlich isotherm equation could well describe the adsorption equilibrium behaviors of chlorinated aromatics with from 0.920 to 0.999. The H-bond donor/acceptor group, hydrophobicity, solubility and molecular volume were identified as important solute properties that affect the PAC adsorption capacity. These results could assist water professionals in removing chlorinated aromatics during emergency drinking water treatment.

关键词： chlorinated aromatics     adsorption     powdered activated carbon     kinetics     equilibrium    

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Optimization of process parameters for preparation of powdered activated coke to achieve maximum SO

Binxuan ZHOU, Tao WANG, Tianming XU, Cheng LI, Yuan ZHAO, Jiapeng FU, Zhen ZHANG, Zhanlong SONG, Chunyuan MA

《能源前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第1期   页码 159-169 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0719-7

摘要： Powdered activated coke (PAC) is a good adsorbent of SO , but its adsorption capacity is affected by many factors in the preparation process. To prepare the PAC with a high SO adsorption capacity using JJ-coal under flue gas atmosphere, six parameters (oxygen-coal equivalent ratio, reaction temperature, reaction time, O concentration, CO concentration, and H O concentration) were screened and optimized using the response surface methodology (RSM). The results of factor screening experiment show that reaction temperature, O concentration, and H O (g) concentration are the significant factors. Then, a quadratic polynomial regression model between the significant factors and SO adsorption capacity was established using the central composite design (CCD). The model optimization results indicate that when reaction temperature is 904.74°C, O concentration is 4.67%, H O concentration is 27.98%, the PAC (PAC-OP) prepared had a higher SO adsorption capacity of 68.15 mg/g while its SO adsorption capacity from a validation experiment is 68.82 mg/g, and the error with the optimal value is 0.98%. Compared to two typical commercial activated cokes (ACs), PAC-OP has relatively more developed pore structures, and its and are 349 m /g and 0.1475 cm /g, significantly higher than the 186 m /g and 0.1041 cm /g of AC1, and the 132 m /g and 0.0768 cm /g of AC2. Besides, it also has abundant oxygen-containing functional groups, its surface O content being 12.09%, higher than the 10.42% of AC1 and 10.49% of AC2. Inevitably, the SO adsorption capacity of PAC-OP is also significantly higher than that of both AC1 and AC2, which is 68.82 mg/g versus 32.53 mg/g and 24.79 mg/g, respectively.

关键词： powdered activated coke (PAC)     SO2 adsorption capacity     parameters optimization     response surface methodology    

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Influence of pore structure on biologically activated carbon performance and biofilm microbial characteristics

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1419-1

摘要：

• Pore structure affects biologically activated carbon performance.

关键词： Granular activated carbon     Biologically activated carbon filter     Bacterial community structure     Pore structure    

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Adsorption of benzene and toluene from waste gas using activated carbon activated by ZnCl

Leila KARIMNEZHAD,Mohammad HAGHIGHI,Esmaeil FATEHIFAR

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第6期   页码 835-844 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0695-4

摘要： A series of activated carbons with high surface area were prepared from walnut shell using chemical activation with ZnCl . In this research the carbonization stage was carried out at 500°C. The performance of the synthesized carbons evaluated in adsorption of benzene and toluene from waste gas. The influence of impregnation ratio on the characteristics of synthesized activated carbons as well as their adsorption capacity was investigated. The ratio of activation agent to walnut shell was selected in the range of 0.5–2.0 wt/wt. The synthesized activated carbons were characterized using XRD, SEM, BET and FTIR techniques. The highest activated carbon production yield was obtained at impregnation ratio of 1.5 wt/wt. The XRD analysis illustrated that peaks intensity decreased with increasing impregnation ratio showing that amorphous property of samples was increased. The SEM analysis revealed successful pore development in synthesized activated carbons obtained at high impregnation ratios. The surface area of the activated carbons increased with increasing impregnation ratio and its maximum value reached 2643 m ?g at impregnation ratio of 2/1. FTIR analysis indicated that the relative amount of different acidic surface groups on synthesized carbons was a function of impregnation ratio. Experimental results for benzene and toluene adsorption showed a high potential of employing synthesized impregnated activated carbon for treatment of waste gas. Generally, the amount of VOC adsorbed on the surface was affected by physicochemical properties of synthesized activated carbons.

关键词： Chemical activation     activated carbon     textural characterization     adsorption     benzene     toluene    

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Thermal defluorination behaviors of PFOS, PFOA and PFBS during regeneration of activated carbon by molten

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第8期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1524-9

摘要：

• New method of mineralizing PFCs was proposed.

关键词： PFCs     Molten sodium hydroxide     Thermal degradation     Activated carbon regeneration    

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Simultaneous Feammox and anammox process facilitated by activated carbon as an electron shuttle for autotrophic

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第7期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1498-z

摘要：

• The autotrophic nitrogen removal combining Feammox and Anammox was achieved.

关键词： Feammox     Anammox     Extracellular electron transfer     Electron shuttle     Activated carbon    

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Permeability and thermal conductivity of host compressed natural graphite for consolidated activatedcarbon adsorbent

Bo TIAN, Liwei WANG, Zhequan JIN, Ruzhu WANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第2期   页码 159-165 doi: 10.1007/s11708-011-0145-y

摘要： Permeability and thermal conductivity test units were set up to study the heat and mass transfer performance of the host material, i.e. expanded natural graphite (ENG), for consolidated activated carbon (AC) adsorbent. The permeability was tested with nitrogen as the gas source, and the thermal conductivity was studied using steady-state heat source method. The results showed that the values of permeability and thermal conductivity were 10 to 10 m and 1.7 to 3.2 W/(m·K), respectively, while the density compressed expanded natural graphite (CENG) varied from 100 to 500 kg/m . The permeability decreased with the increasing density of CENG, whereas the thermal conductivity increased with the increasing density of CENG. Then the thermal conductivity and permeability of granular AC were researched. It was discovered that the thermal conductivity of samples with different grain size almost kept constant at 0.36 W/(m·K) while the density was approximately 600 kg/m . This means that the thermal conductivity was not related to the grain size of AC. The thermal conductivity of CENG was improved by 5 to 10 times compared with that of granular AC. Such a result showed that CENG was a promising host material for AC to improve the heat transfer performance, while the mass transfer performance should be considered in different conditions for utilization of adsorbent.

关键词： permeability     thermal conductivity     expanded nature graphite     activated carbon    

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Functionalized activated carbon for the adsorptive removal of perchlorate from water solutions

Rovshan MAHMUDOV, Chinglung CHEN, Chin-Pao HUANG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第2期   页码 194-208 doi: 10.1007/s11705-015-1517-3

摘要： Two types of activated carbon, namely, Filtrasorb 400 and Nuchar SA, were functionalized by quaternary ammonium salts (quats), as to enhance perchlorate adsorption. Results showed that the adsorption of quats on Nuchar SA increased with increase in chain length (hydrophobicity) of quats. Filtrasorb 400, however, had limited uptake of long-chain quats such as dodecyltrimethylammonium and hexadecyltrimethylammoium (HDTMA). Results indicated that perchlorate removal by the functionalized activated carbon was directly related to the chain length of the modifying quats. Perchlorate removal by functionalized activated carbon increased with increase in chain length of the modifying quats and became less pH-dependent. Modified Nuchar SA had higher overall perchlorate removal capacity than the modified Filtrasorb F400, but was more strongly affected by pH than Filtrasorb 400. Activated carbon treated with HDTMA exhibited the best perchlorate removal capacity among all quats studied. Results indicated that tailoring the activated carbon surface with HDTMA rendered the activated carbon surface positively charged, which resulted in substantial increase in perchlorate removal compared to unfunctionalized activated carbons.

关键词： perchlorate     activated carbon     removal     functionalization     quaternary ammonium salts    

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Synthesis and characterization of phosphotungstic acid/activated carbon as a novel ultrasound oxidative

Liyan LIU, Yu ZHANG, Wei TAN

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第4期   页码 422-427 doi: 10.1007/s11705-013-1353-2

摘要： Phosphotungstic acid/activated carbon (PTA/AC) catalysts with various AC sizes or PTA content have been synthesized and characterized by N physisorption, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and temperature programmed desorption of ammonia. These catalysts were then evaluated in terms of the removal of dibenzothiophene (DBT) by ultrasound-assisted oxidative desulfurization process. The results showed that the DBT conversion obviously increased with the decrease of AC support size and the increase of PTA content. After supporting PTA on AC, the DBT conversion can be improved by 38.9% after ultrasound irradiation for 10 min. In addition, the stability tests of PTA/AC showed that the catalytic oxidative activity of PTA/AC was nearly kept constant after ultrasound irradiation for 20 min, which makes it a promising catalyst to use in ultrasound-assisted oxidative desulfurization process.

关键词： phosphotungstic acid     activated carbon     ultrasound-assisted oxidative desulfurization    

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Insight into the promotion mechanism of activated carbon on the monolithic honeycomb red mud catalyst

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1337-7

摘要：

• Activated carbon was proposed to be an efficient accelerant for molded red mud catalyst.

关键词： NOx     Selective catalytic reduction     Iron-based catalyst     Red mud     Monolithic catalyst     Activated carbon    

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Comparison of membrane fouling in ultrafiltration of down-flow and up-flow biological activated carbon

Lu Ao, Wenjun Liu, Yang Qiao, Cuiping Li, Xiaomao Wang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-018-1046-7

摘要：

The UF membrane fouling by down- and up-flow BAC effluents were compared.

Up-flow BAC effluent fouled the membrane faster than down-flow BAC effluent.

The combined effects dominated irreversible fouling.

The extent of fouling exacerbated by inorganic particles was higher.

关键词： Ultrafiltration     Membrane fouling     Down-flow biological activated carbon     Up-flow biological activated carbon     Particles     Polysaccharide    

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Surface modification of broom sorghum-based activated carbon via functionalization with triethylenetetramine

Elaheh Mehrvarz, Ali A. Ghoreyshi, Mohsen Jahanshahi

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第2期   页码 252-265 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1630-6

摘要： A new type of activated carbon (AC) was synthesized using broom sorghum stalk as a low cost carbon source through chemical activation with H PO and KOH. The AC obtained by KOH had the largest BET surface area of 1619 m ·g and the highest micropore volume of 0.671 cm ·g . CO adsorption was enhanced by functionalizing the AC with two different amines: triethylenetetramine (TETA) and urea. The structure of the prepared ACs was characterized by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and acid-base Boehm titration analyses. The adsorption behavior of CO onto raw and amine-functionalized ACs was investigated in the temperature range of 288–308 K and pressures up to 25 bar. The amount of CO uptake at 298 K and 1 bar achieved by AC-TETA and AC-urea was 3.22 and 2.33 mmol·g which shows a 92% and 40% improvement compared to pristine AC (1.66 mmol·g ), respectively. Among different model isotherms used to describe the adsorption equilibria, Sips isotherm presented a perfect fit in all cases. Gas adsorption kinetic study revealed a fast kinetics of CO adsorption onto the ACs. The evaluation of the isosteric heat of adsorption demonstrated the exothermic nature of the CO adsorption onto unmodified and modified samples.

关键词： activated carbon     broom sorghum     functionalization     CO2 capture    

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Effect of biological activated carbon filter depth and backwashing process on transformation of biofilm

Wanqi Qi, Weiying Li, Junpeng Zhang, Xuan Wu, Jie Zhang, Wei Zhang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1100-0

摘要：

We studied BAC biofilm during the process of initial operation and backwash.

Microbial diversity decreased gradually with the increase of BAC filter depth.

Proteobacteria dominated at the phylum level among the BAC biofilm samples.

α-proteobacteria increased about 10% in all carbon filter depth after backwash.

关键词： Biological activated carbon     Biofilm     Community structure     Carbon filter depth     High-throughput sequencing    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Removal of phenol by powdered activated carbon adsorption

Yan MA, Naiyun GAO, Wenhai CHU, Cong LI

期刊论文

Significant enhancement in catalytic ozonationefficacy: From granular to super-fine powdered activatedcarbon

Tianyi Chen, Wancong Gu, Gen Li, Qiuying Wang, Peng Liang, Xiaoyuan Zhang, Xia Huang

期刊论文

The influence of chlorinated aromatics' structure on their adsorption characteristics on activated carbon

Pengfei LIN,Yuan ZHANG,Xiaojian ZHANG,Chao CHEN,Yuefeng XIE,Irwin H SUFFET

期刊论文

Optimization of process parameters for preparation of powdered activated coke to achieve maximum SO

Binxuan ZHOU, Tao WANG, Tianming XU, Cheng LI, Yuan ZHAO, Jiapeng FU, Zhen ZHANG, Zhanlong SONG, Chunyuan MA

期刊论文

Influence of pore structure on biologically activated carbon performance and biofilm microbial characteristics

期刊论文

Adsorption of benzene and toluene from waste gas using activated carbon activated by ZnCl

Leila KARIMNEZHAD,Mohammad HAGHIGHI,Esmaeil FATEHIFAR

期刊论文

Thermal defluorination behaviors of PFOS, PFOA and PFBS during regeneration of activated carbon by molten

期刊论文

Simultaneous Feammox and anammox process facilitated by activated carbon as an electron shuttle for autotrophic

期刊论文

Permeability and thermal conductivity of host compressed natural graphite for consolidated activatedcarbon adsorbent

Bo TIAN, Liwei WANG, Zhequan JIN, Ruzhu WANG

期刊论文

Functionalized activated carbon for the adsorptive removal of perchlorate from water solutions

Rovshan MAHMUDOV, Chinglung CHEN, Chin-Pao HUANG

期刊论文

Synthesis and characterization of phosphotungstic acid/activated carbon as a novel ultrasound oxidative

Liyan LIU, Yu ZHANG, Wei TAN

期刊论文

Insight into the promotion mechanism of activated carbon on the monolithic honeycomb red mud catalyst

期刊论文

Comparison of membrane fouling in ultrafiltration of down-flow and up-flow biological activated carbon

Lu Ao, Wenjun Liu, Yang Qiao, Cuiping Li, Xiaomao Wang

期刊论文

Surface modification of broom sorghum-based activated carbon via functionalization with triethylenetetramine

Elaheh Mehrvarz, Ali A. Ghoreyshi, Mohsen Jahanshahi

期刊论文

Effect of biological activated carbon filter depth and backwashing process on transformation of biofilm

Wanqi Qi, Weiying Li, Junpeng Zhang, Xuan Wu, Jie Zhang, Wei Zhang

期刊论文